Value of ocular trauma score and ocular structural parameters in the assessment of healing visual acuity from ocular trauma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To explore the value of ocular trauma score(OTS), initial visual acuity, and ocular structural parameters in the assessment of healing visual acuity from ocular trauma.METHOD: A total of 302 cases(302 eyes)of ocular trauma were selected as subjects, which were accepted and issued clear appraisal opinions by the Academy of Forensic Science from June 2015 to June 2021. The subjects were grouped according to the healing best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)from ocular trauma. Group Ⅰ included 63 cases(63 eyes)with BCVA <3.7; Group Ⅱ included 70 cases(70 eyes)with 3.7≤ BCVA <4.5; Group Ⅲ included 78 cases(78 eyes)with 4.5≤ BCVA <4.9; Group Ⅳ included 91 cases(91 eyes)with BCVA≥4.9. In addition, 77 cases(77 healthy eyes)of ocular trauma were selected as the control group, namely Group Ⅴ. The healing BCVA and ocular structural parameters from ocular trauma and theirs correlation were analyzed, and the random forest(RF)and support vector machine(SVM)model of healing visual acuity was established by the IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0.RESULTS: The initial visual acuity, OTS, the grading of corneas, lenses, and fundus, and the thickness of the retinal never fiber layer of ocular trauma patients were correlated with the healing BCVA(P<0.01). There were significant differences in ocular structural parameters among groups, except the central subfield thickness(P<0.001). The SVM model had higher accuracy of predicting healing visual acuity than the RF model, and the accuracy rate was over 80% when the error was within 0.15.CONCLUSION:OTS and ocular structural examination can provide effective information for the clinical forensic medicine appraisal of visual dysfunction after ocular trauma, and they are valuable in discriminating camouflage of visual dysfunction.

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 and above in Yichang City in 2013-2020 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To provide reference for the development of prevention and control strategies for HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 and above in Yichang city from 2013 to 2020 by epidemiological characteristics anaylsing. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic situation and epidemiological data. Results A total of 1 126 HIV/AIDS cases were reported during the monitoring period, and 296 cases were 50 years old and above, accounting for 26.29%. The proportion of cases aged 50 years and above to the total number of cases and the annual reported incidence rate both showed an upward trend (P＜0.01). The cases were mainly male (74.66%), and the older the age, the greater the proportion of males (P=0.02). The age of confirmed cases is mainly concentrated in 50-59 years (68.58%), of which 49.66% were married and 74.32% were at junior high school and below. Sexual contact (accounting for 99.66%) was the main route of infection, the proportion of non-marital heterosexual sex was relatively high, especially in female cases (accounting for 74.67%). Those who had been infected for more than 8 years accounted for 48.75%, and the proportion of infected age ≥50 years in the total number of cases showed an upward trend. Cases were found mainly from medical institutions (74.66%). Conclusion The HIV/AIDS epidemic situation of people aged 50 and above in Yichang City was relatively severe and has became a key population for prevention and control. Targeted and effective prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the harm of AIDS to the population.

Prevalence and risk factors of overactive bladder in elderly women with stress urinary incontinence / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To explore the risk factors of overactive bladder(OAB)syndrome in older women with stress urinary incontinence(SUI).Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 157 elderly women with SUI, aged 60-88(65.6±5.4)years, were recruited from Qingshan District Maternal and Child Health Hospital and areas serviced by Fozuling Community Service Center in Wuhan between October to November 2020.Data collection included a questionnaire covering general information, dietary habits, childbirth history, medical history, the urogenital distress inventory(UDI-6)and the overactive bladder symptom score(OABSS), and physical examinations on curvature of the spine, pelvic floor muscle strength and pelvic floor ultrasound imaging.Results:A total of 157 elderly women with SUI were included in the study and the prevalence of OAB was 17.2%(27 cases). The prevalence of OAB was 17.6%(25 cases)among 142 patients with mild SUI and 13.3%(2 cases)among 15 patients with moderate or severe SUI, but SUI severity was not correlated with the prevalence of OAB( χ2=0.003, P>0.05). The UDI-6 score was 2.39±2.04 and the OABSS score was 3.70±2.48, with a positive correlation between OABSS and UDI-6( r=0.254, P<0.01), suggesting that OAB had a negative effect on the quality of life of patients with SUI.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis on factors with P<0.3 in the univariate analysis showed that number of pregnancies( P<0.01), anterior vaginal wall prolapse( P<0.05), and abnormal inclination of the pelvis( P=0.05)were associated with the prevalence of OAB.Regarding the number of pregnancies, the risk of OAB increased with 2-3 pregnancies( OR=1.46, 95% CI: 0.25-8.56)and with 3 pregnancies or more( OR=4.29, 95% CI: 0.79-23.18), compared with the prevalence at no more than 1 pregnancy.Compared with patients without anterior vaginal wall prolapse, Ⅰ-Ⅱ degree prolapse increased the risk of OAB( OR=4.21, 95% CI: 1.40-12.63), and third-degree prolapse further increased the risk( OR=11.48, 95% CI: 1.37-96.17). Compared with patients with normal inclination of the pelvis, anterior or posterior pelvis inclination promoted the occurrence of OAB( OR=3.46, 95% CI: 1.23-9.73; OR=2.62, 95% CI: 0.54-12.71). Conclusions:OAB has a negative impact on the quality of life of elderly women with SUI.Pregnancy, anterior vaginal prolapse and abnormal inclination of the pelvis promote the occurrence of OAB.

Concept of 3D membrane anatomy in extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical cystectomy: preliminary application / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical feasibility of extra-peritoneal laparoscopic radical cystectomy based on the concept of 3D membrane anatomy.Methods:The clinical data of 10 male patients with bladder cancer who underwent 3D extra-peritoneal laparoscopic radical cystectomy + ileal-orthotopic-neobladder surgery from October 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The median age was 67 years. The ASA score was 1-2 in 8 cases and 3 in 2 cases. There were 4 cases of hypertension, 2 cases of diabetes, 1 case of heart disease, no case of abdominal surgery history. During the operation, the concept of 3D membrane anatomy was used to identify the important fascia in the pelvic cavity and to find the key layers and structures in the pelvic cavity.It was separated from the prevesical fascia to the laterovesical space, and confluenced with Retzius space and Bogros space. It was dissected in the layer surrounded by the prevesical fascia, the vesicohypogastric fascia, and the urogenital fascia to complete the process of cystectomy.Results:The operations of 10 patients were completed successfully and there was no conversion to open operation. The median operation time was 276(237-325) minutes, and the median blood loss was 160(50-280)ml. The postoperative bowel recovery median time was 1.8(1-3)days, and the patients were out of bed about 1.3(1-2) days. The median postoperative hospital stay was 9(5-12) days. The number of median lymph node dissection in all patients was 10(6-20). Positive lymph nodes was found in 3 cases. Positive margin was found in no case. Postoperative tumor pathological stages were T 2 stage in 7 cases, T 3 stage in 3 cases. During the follow-up, all patients had no obvious complications. Conclusions:It is feasible to apply the concept of 3D membrane anatomy to identify and locate the key fascia structures and levels in extra-peritoneal laparoscopic radical cystectomy. The operative complications were less and the postoperative recovery was faster. The anatomy is clear during the operation, which has good safety and reduces the difficulty of the operation.

Clinical Analysis of Bloodstream Infection after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical characteristics of bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients treated by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).@*METHODS@#The clinical characteristics, distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing BSI and drug sensitivity of 910 patients treated by HSCT in our department from January 2013 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 910 HSCT patients, 111 patients were diagnosed as BSI within 100 days after transplantation, and 98 patients showed BSI during the period of agranulocytosis. Multivariate analysis showed that the usage of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), long duration of agranulocytosis and low infusion volume of mononuclear cell (MNC) were the independent risk factors affecting BSI after HSCT. Among 121 pathogenic bacteria isolated, 76 Gram-negative (G-) bacteria (62.8%), 40 Gram-positive (G+) bacteria (33.0%), and 5 fungi (4.1%) were detected out. The top three pathogens were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The drug-resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems was 14.3% and 7.7%, respectively, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 66.7%. The susceptibility of G+ bacteria to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin was 97.5%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The crude mortality rate of the patients with BSI at 100 days after HSCT was significantly higher than that of patients without BSI (P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#The usage of ATG, long duration of agranulocytosis and low infusion volume of MNC are independent risk factors for BSI after HSCT. The pathogens after HSCT are mainly G- bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is highly resistant to carbapenems. Key words　　;

Differential proteomic analysis of children infected with respiratory syncytial virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the main cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children. However, there is no effective treatment for RSV infection. Here, we aimed to identify potential biomarkers to aid in the treatment of RSV infection. Children in the acute and convalescence phases of RSV infection were recruited and proteomic analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Subsequently, promising candidate proteins were determined by functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analysis, and underwent further validation by western blot both in clinical and mouse model samples. Among the 79 DEPs identified in RSV patient samples, 4 proteins (BPGM, TPI1, PRDX2, and CFL1) were confirmed to be significantly upregulated during RSV infection. Functional analysis showed that BPGM and TPI1 were mainly involved in glycolysis, indicating an association between RSV infection and the glycolysis metabolic pathway. Our findings provide insights into the proteomic profile during RSV infection and indicated that BPGM, TPI1, PRDX2, and CFL1 may be potential therapeutic biomarkers or targets for the treatment of RSV infection.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in neural tube defects / 国际儿科学杂志

Neural tube defects are a group of severe congenital malformations, including anencephaly, spina bifida, and encephalocele, which happen when neural tube fails to achieve proper closure during early embryogenesis.Mitochondria are an important site for biological oxidation and substance metabolism, as well as an important component in maintaining homeostasis of the intracellular environment.Mitochondria are also involved in the process of oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryonic development.Normal function of mitochondria is the key to the normal development of embryos.Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction may be one of the mechanisms of neural tube closure failure.Slc25a32, SHMT2, MTHFD2/MTHFD2L, MTHFD1L and glycine cleavage system(GCS)are a series of key molecules of the mitochondrial one-carbon metabolic pathway.This paper reviews the research progress of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neural tube malformation by starting from several key molecules and combining with the two main metabolic pathways of one-carbon metabolic chain and oxidative respiratory chain.

The changes and influencing factors of CD4+ T cell numbers during different periods of antiviral therapy in HIV/AIDS patients in Yichang City / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the changes of CD4+ T cell numbers at different periods of antiviral therapy in HIV-infected and AIDS patients (HIV/AIDS) in Yichang City. Methods The relevant information was retrieved from the National AIDS Comprehensive Prevention Information System-Antiretroviral Treatment Management Database. Changes in the number of CD4+ T cells were analyzed in HIV/AIDS patients who started receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and continued the treatment for 3 years from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2017 in Yichang. Results The number of CD4+T lymphocytes in 550 HIV/AIDS cases increased significantly at various time points within 3 years after treatment, and increased with the increase of treatment time（F=100.20，P<0.001）. The CD4+T cell counts of different baseline level groups were statistically different before and after treatment（F=8.57，P<0.01）. The CD4+ T cell counts of patients who started treatment at age of 15-30 years old increased faster than those who started treatment at age of over 30 years old（F=1.27，P<0.05）. Conclusion HAART has a significant effect on the increase of CD4+T cells, and the early treatment is more effective. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment should be promoted, and anti-viral treatment should be actively carried out.

Prognostic Value of / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prognostic value of metabolic parameters of @*METHODS@#The clinical data of 58 patients with DLBCL who were examined by @*RESULTS@#The SUV@*CONCLUSION@#MTV and TLG are independent risk factors for OS and PFS in patients with DLBCL, which may be valuable for prognosis of patients with DLBCL.

Exosomes in bladder cancer: novel biomarkers and targets / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles that contain various types of biologically active components, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, which vary with the type and physiological state of the cell. In recent years, several studies have showed that exosomes can provide new non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in patients affected by cancers, including bladder cancer (BC), and the lipid bilayer membrane structure makes exosomes as promising delivery vehicles for therapeutic applications. Exosomes have the characteristics of high abundance, high stability, tissue specificity, and wide distribution in body fluids, and are secreted as various types by cells in different states, thereby possessing great potential as biomarkers for BC. Herein, we briefly summarize the functions and roles of exosomes in the occurrence and development of BC and the current progress of research on exosomes in BC, while focusing on potential clinical applications of the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of BC.

Application of the Virtual Reality-Pattern Visual Evoked Potential in Forensic Visual Acuity Evaluation / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore a kind of visual evoked potential test equipment and method that is more suitable for the application of forensic clinical visual acuity evaluation. Methods Thirty-four volunteers （68 eyes） were selected, including 15 males and 19 females, aged between 20 and 40 years. Test lenses were placed before the tested eyes of volunteers to induce refractive myopia with insert method, and the diopter lenses were adjusted so that the visual acuity level of one eye of volunteers was above 0.8, and the visual acuity of the other eye was at moderate damage level （<0.3 and ≥0.1）. The tests were carried out under the binocular simultaneous asynchronous stimulation mode （hereinafter referred to as "binocular mode"） and monocular separate stimulation mode （hereinafter referred to as "monocular mode"） of virtual reality-pattern visual evoked potential （VR-PVEP）, and the amplitude of PVEP of volunteers under the two modes was compared at four spatial frequencies of 8×8, 16×16, 24×24 and 32×32. Results The differences in the amplitude of P100 wave between monocular and binocular modes at 8×8 spatial frequency had no statistical significance and the differences in amplitude of P100 wave between monocular and binocular modes at 16×16, 24×24, and 32×32 spatial frequencies had statistical significance （P<0.05）. The amplitude of the same eye in monocular mode was higher than that in binocular mode. Through correlation analysis, it was found that the amplitude of P100 wave in monocular mode was moderately correlated with amplitude of P100 wave in binocular mode. Conclusion In forensic identification practice, VR-PVEP is helpful for overcoming the disturbance of poor fixation, and to increase the reliability of PVEP evaluation results. It can greatly shorten the detection time of PVEP and improve work efficiency.

Effects of lncRNA XIST-targeting microRNA 101/EZH2 on cell proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of long-chain non coding RNA (lncRNA) XIST on the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer PANC1 cells, and clarify the targeting relationship between lncRNA XIST and miR-101/enhancer of zeste homologz(EZH2).Methods:Ninety cases of pancreatic cancer surgically resected and pathologically confirmed in the first hospital of Jiaxing city from July 2010 to September 2018 and its corresponding paracarcinoma normal tissue were collected. PANC1 cells were divided into sh-XIST group, SH control group, MiR control group and miR-101 group. The expression of LncRNA XIST and miR-101 in pancreatic cancer tissue and PANC1 cells in each group were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The relationship between the expression of LncRNA XIST and miR-101 and the clinicopathological parameters of tumor was analyzed. The proliferation and migration ability of PANC1 cells in each group were analyzed by CCK8 method and transwell chamber test. The EZH2 expression level of PANC1 cells in each group were analyzed by western blot. PANC1 cells in each group was inoculated into BALB/C nude mice with a cell density of 3×10 6 cells/100 μl and the tumor volume was measured. The relationship between LncRNA XIST and its miR-101 and targeting gene EZH2 were analyzed by bioinformatics and double luciferase reporter genes. Results:Compared with the paracancerous tissues, the level of LncRNA XIST in pancreatic cancer tissue was significantly increased 2.89±0.42 vs (1.12±0.22, P<0.05), and the level of miR-101 was significantly decreased 0.32±0.12 vs (1.25±0.22, P<0.05), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). LncRNA XIST expression in pancreatic cancer tissue was obviously increased along with higher differentiation degree, advanced TNM stage and lymph node metastasis, while miR-101 was greatly decreased. Compared with the cells in the sh-control group, the expression level of LncRNA XIST in the sh-XIST group was significantly decreased (0.34±0.18 vs 1.21±0.27). Compared with miR-control cells, the level of miR-101 cells in miR-101 group significantly increased (2.94±0.31 vs 1.54±0.29 ), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). After 72 h cell culture, the light absorption value at 450 nm in sh-control group, sh-XIST group, miR-control group and miR-101 group was 1.98±0.24, 1.21±0.20, 1.87±0.21 and 1.11±0.17; the number of transmembrane cells were (74.25±6.79 ), (29.11±5.17), (61.27±5.19) and (20.47±4.58)per 200 times visual field; the cell proliferation activity and migration ability in sh-XIST group were significantly decreased than sh-control group, miR-101 group and miR-control group and the xenograft tumor grew obviously slowly, all the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:LncRNA XIST can target miR-101/EZH2, regulating the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells, which promotes the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer.

Differential Diagnostic Value of F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Multiple Myeloma and Bone Metastases / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the imaging characteristics of F-FDG positron emission computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients and to analyze its application value in MM and bone metastases.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was made on MM patients (n=72) and bone metastases patients (n=50) admitted to Hainan Western Central Hospital from January 2017 to March 2019. All patients underwent F-FDG PET/CT examination. The distribution of lesions, bone destruction, maximum standardized uptake (SUV) and metabolic homogeneity were analyzed in both groups.@*RESULTS@#More than 80% of MM and bone metastases involved thoracic bone, spine and pelvis, followed by limbs. MM was more common in the lesions of thoracic bone and skull than those in bone metastases, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The majority of MM patients presented osteolytic bone destruction (97.2%), mostly showing "insect-like phagocytic pattern", so the bone showed dilated changes, and osteogenic changes were rarely seen (2.8%). Osteolytic bone destruction accounted for 74.0% in patients with bone metastatic tumor, presenting "focal" appearance more often, and osteogenic changes accounted for 26.0%. Osteolytic bone destruction in patients with MM was significantly higher than that in patients with bone metastases（χ=14.757，P＜0.05）. The SUV of MM (4.25±2.16)was significantly lower than that of bone metastases (7.84±3.25) (t=6.830, P＜0.05). Diffuse mild uptake of F-FDG was more common in patients with MM, and heterogeneous high uptake of F-FDG was more common in patients with bone metastasis, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#F-FDG PET/CT examination is helpful to acquire the imaging features of bone structure and metabolic changes, and shows an important clinical value in the differential diagnosis of MM and bone metastases.

Application of PRVEP Waveform Amplitude Ratio to Evaluate Visual Acuity and Its Forensic Significance / 法医学杂志

Objective To research the correlation between the visual acuity ratio and pattern reversal visual evoked potential （PRVEP） P100 waveform amplitude ratio of both eyes. Methods Forty-seven volunteers were selected, and the visual chart visual acuity of both eyes was measured. The visual acuity ratio of the eye with poor vision to the eye with better vision was calculated by five grade notation method. The amplitudes of P100 waveforms of both eyes were recorded respectively by using black-and-white checkerboard PRVEP and chosing 1°, 15' stimulating visual angle, and the ratio of amplitudes between the two eyes was also calculated. SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze the correlation between the visual acuity ratio and the ratio of P100 waveform amplitudes between the two eyes. Return test and linear regression analysis with the binocular ratio of P100 waveform amplitudes as the independent variable （x） and the binocular visual acuity ratio as the dependent variable （y） were made. Results There was a positive correlation between the binocular visual acuity ratio and the ratio of P100 waveform amplitudes under 15' stimulating visual angle （Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.62, P=0.000）. The fitting linear regression equation was y=0.090 x+0.846 （F=20.954, P=0.000）. There was no significant correlation between the binocular ratio of visual acuity and the binocular ratio of P100 waveform amplitudes under 1° stimulating visual angle （P>0.05）. Results of return test showed that there was no statistical significance in the difference between visual acuity estimated by equation and actual detected visual acuity. Conclusion In forensic appraisal of monocular injury, fitting linear regression equation of binocular visual acuity ratio and the binocular ratio of P100 waveform amplitudes under 15' stimulating visual angle, is helpful for visual acuity level estimation of the injured eye to some extent.

Evaluation of implementation effect of schistosomiasis control program in Jiangsu Province from 2010 to 2015 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the actual effect of the schistosomiasis control program in Jiangsu Province from 2010 to 2015. Methods A total of 67 schistosomiasis-endemic counties in 10 cities were selected, and a combination of retrospective investigation and on-site investigation was adopted to collect and record the epidemic data of the counties from 2010 to 2015, and a retrospective survey database of epidemic situation was established. The effects of integrated control strategies with both Oncomelania hupensis snail control and infection source control were evaluated. Results From 2010 to 2015, 2 465 911 persons who lived in endemic areas were detected for schistosomiasis, with 16 974 positive cases of blood examinations, and 8 positive cases of fecal examinations. Totally 5 145 people with advanced schistosomiasis were treated and 40 460 people with the history of schistosome cercarial-infested water contact received the expanded chemotherapy. A total of 127 636 cattle raised in the endemic areas were detected, and 51 619 cattle (head-times) with the history of cercarial-infested water contact also received the expanded chemotherapy. The area with snails control by molluscicides was 18 604.84 hm2. By the end of 2015, schistosomeinfected snails had not been found and there was no zoological schistosome infection for 5 consecutive years, and in addition, there had been no acute schistosome-infected persons for 6 consecutive years in the whole province. The area with snails dropped to 1 977.18 hm2, with a decreasing rate of 55.24% compared with that in 2010. Conclusion After the implementation of the plan for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province (2010–2015), the prevention and control of schistosomiasis has achieved remarkable effects and realized the goal of the plan.

Application of "medical Salon" teaching in standardized training of residents in gynecology and obstetrics department / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the application of "medical Salon" teaching in standardized training of residents in gynecology and obstetrics department. Methods A total of 30 residents of obstetrics and gynaecology receiving standardized training in the People's Hospital of Wuhan University from August 2015 to March 2018 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 15 persons in each group. In addition to daily training, the experimental group held a "theoretical salon" once a week and a "surgical salon" every quarter. Both groups of physicians took examinations of basic theories and clinical practice level and received evaluation of training satisfaction;SPSS 17.0 was used to perform t-test or paired t-test on intra-and inter-group data. Results Before the standardization training began, there was no significant difference in the scores of the basic theory and clinical practice between the two groups (P>0.05). After the training, the basic theory and clinical practice scores of the two groups were improved compared with those before training, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After the training, the scores of the basic theoretical examination of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group [(95.20±3.67) vs. (82.10±5.62)], and the scores of clinical practice of the experimental group was higher than the control group [(96.80±3.26) vs. (79.50±5.28)]; the teaching satisfaction scores of the experimental group were higher as well [(95.50±3.54) vs. (86.70±4.95)]. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The"Medical Salon"teaching helps to improve the quality of standardized training for obstetrics and gynecology residents and is worth promoting.

Clinical and Bacteriological Analysis of Bacterial Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Acute Leukemial / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics, etiology and drug susceptibility of bacterial bloodstream infections in acute leukemia(AL) patients.@*METHODS@#Clinical data, etiology and drug susceptibility of acute leukemia patients with bacterial bloodstream infections from April 2009 to April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 376 strains were isolated, 76.9% was Gram-negative bacterial and 23.1% was Gram-positive bacteria. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were listed as the top three of Gram-negative bacteria. The susceptibility of Escherichia coli to the tigacycline, imipenem and meropenem was 100.0%, 98.2% and 98.1%, respectively. The susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae to the tigacycline, imipenem and meropenem were 100.0%, 98.3% and 94.4%, respectively. The adjustment rate for initial use of carbopenems was 3.8%, while the adjustment rate for initial use of noncarbopenems was 74.3% in patients with main Gram-negative bacterial blood stream infection. The susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria to glycopeptide antibiotics, linezolid and tigacycline was 100.0%.@*CONCLUSION@#Gram-negative bacteria is the majority type of bacteria in AL patients with bacteria blood stream infections. The susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to the carbapenems is high, and the treatment adjustment rate is obviously low. The glycopeptide, linezolid and tigacycline are effective for Gram-positive bacteria infections..

Application of the nasolabial fold "smile" incision approach in posterior buccal cancer ablation / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study investigated the feasibility and clinical result of radical resection of posterior buccal carcinoma by using the facial nasolabial fold "smile" incision approach.@*METHODS@#From August 2016 to March 2017, 23 patients with posterior buccal carcinoma were included in this study and underwent radical surgery. Upon finishing the cervical lymph node dissection, an arc-shaped incision was made at 1 cm lateral to the ipsilateral angulus oris, extending along the nasolabial fold upward to the inferolateral margin of the nasal alar while downward in direct continuity with the neck dissection incision.@*RESULTS@#Satisfactory exposure and easy resection of the primary tumor with negative surgical margin were achieved in all 23 patients. After 12-22 months of follow-up (16.5 months on average), all patients recovered favorably, and no local recurrence or distant metastasis was observed. Mouth opening was restored to normal in all cases. The scars were hidden in the nasolabial fold, thus named "smile" incision.@*CONCLUSIONS@#For posterior buccal cancer patients, the facial "smile" incision approach can satisfy the need of surgical exposure, facilitate operative performance, and preserve the annular integrity of the lips without affecting the radical tumor ablation, thereby maintaining a favorable mouth opening. With these advantages, the "smile" incision approach is considered worthy of being popularized in clinical application.

Effect of added halide ions and pH on the solubility of nebivolol hydrochloride and the evaluation of selected, discriminating dissolution media / 药学学报

The solubility of nebivolol hydrochloride was determined in acidic aqueous media in the absence and presence of different concentration of NaCl, NaBr, or NaI at 37 ℃ in order to facilitate proper selection of dissolution media that have adequate discriminating power for enhancing the likelihood of a generic drug product to successfully pass in-vivo bioequivalence test. In the range of pH 5.0 to pH 1.0, the solubility of nebivolol hydrochloride decreased with the decrease in the pH of aqueous solution, and the solubility of nebivolol hydrochloride further decreased with the increase in the concentration of added sodium chloride. The solubility decrease of a few weakly basic drug molecules in acidic media and in higher concentration of added chloride was published previously by other researchers, and the observed decrease in the solubility in the presence of higher chloride concentration was interpreted in terms of common-ion effect. However, the results in this paper showed that the solubility of nebivolol hydrochloride also decreased when sodium chloride was replaced with sodium bromide or iodide. The approach described in this paper (i.e. substituting sodium chloride with sodium bromide or iodide) provides an effective method to verify whether common-ion effect is the true (or at least the sole) driving force behind the observed decrease in the solubility of nebivolol hydrochloride in the presence of sodium chloride. The solubility decrease reported in this paper can be interpreted in terms of salting-out effect of sodium chloride, bromide, and iodide. For hydrochloride salt of a weakly basic drug molecule like nebivolol hydrochloride, its solubility in an acidic dissolution medium can be purposely decreased to the lower end of sink condition by adding sodium chloride to make the resulting medium more discriminating. As shown in this paper, a medium at pH 1.2 with added sodium chloride is discriminating and this medium is shown to be bio-relevant to the in-vivo data collected under fasting condition (in-vivo study protocol was approved by Institutional Review Board).

Clinical efficacy of different surgical methods in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis and its effect on immune function / 中国基层医药

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of different surgical methods in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis,and its effect on immune function. Methods From December 2009 to February 2017,93 patients with cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis in Rongjun Hospital and the First Hospital of Jiaxing,were divided into the observation group and the control group according to random number table method. The observation group(47 cases) was given laparoscope combined surgery,and the control group(46 cases) was given conventional laparotomy surgery. The immune function,pain condition,complete stone clearance rate and analgesics use rate of the two groups were compared. Results After treatment,the CD +4 / CD +8 , CD +4 ,CD +8 ,CD +3 in the observation group were (1. 39 ± 0. 36),(40. 12 ± 8. 70)％ ,(22. 62 ± 2. 22)％ ,(56. 77 ± 3. 47)％ ,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group[(1. 70 ± 0. 40),(46. 00 ± 9. 00)％ ,(25. 00 ± 2. 11)％ ,(60. 00 ± 4. 40)％ ],and the differences were statistically significant (t = 3. 93,3. 20, 5. 30,3. 93,all P < 0. 05). The use rate of analgesics in the observation group (4. 26％ ) was significantly lower than that in the control group (21. 74％ ) (χ2 = 6. 32,P < 0. 05). The complete stone clearance rate of the observation group(95. 74％ ) was significantly higher than that of the control group (80. 43％ ) (χ2 = 5. 22,P < 0. 05). After treatment for 3d,7d,14d,the VAS scores of the observation group were (3. 60 ± 1. 20)points,(2. 57 ± 1. 60)points, (0. 60 ± 0. 06) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the control group [(5. 20 ± 2. 22)points,(4. 12 ±2. 30)points,(2. 77 ±1. 30)points],and the differences were statistically significant (t = 4. 31, 3. 77,11. 31,all P < 0. 05). Conclusion For the patients with cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis, laparoscope combined surgery has better clinical efficacy,it can significantly improve the patients' immune function and reduce pain.